Terminal-Side Beam-Alignment Protocol

Technical Explanation

In sub-THz bands, antenna beams are razor-thin pencil beams (<5° beamwidth). Terminal movement or slight hand rotational tremor quickly misaligns the link. The terminal-side beam alignment protocol utilizes on-device 6-axis Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and predictive Kalman filters paired with deep reinforcement learning. By anticipating hand orientation changes, the UE pre-calculates the optimal phase shifter codebook states, reducing beam search overhead from hundreds of milliseconds to under 0.5 ms.

Key Functions

• Reduces beam training and realignment latency to sub-millisecond levels
• Couples handset IMU motion sensors directly into baseband beam codebooks
• Maintains high-gain pencil beam links during rapid vehicle mobility
• Drastically reduces synchronization pilot overhead on the radio link