5G • Core Network
N16 Interface
N16 Reference Point (V-SMF to H-SMF)
Inter-PLMN roaming interface between Visited SMF and Home SMF in Home-Routed roaming.
Technical Explanation
Realized via Nsmf_PDUSession service operations through security proxies (SEPP), N16 connects the V-SMF in the visited network to the H-SMF in the home network, coordinating session establishment, QoS enforcement, and charging across international borders.
Key Functions
- Connects Visited SMF to Home SMF in Home-Routed roaming architecture
- Coordinates international roaming PDU session setup and modifications
- Routed securely across carrier borders via Security Edge Protection Proxies (SEPP)
Specifications
3GPP TS 23.501, TS 29.502
Interfaces
N16Nsmf
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