5G • 5G-Advanced (Rel-18)
Monostatic & Bistatic Ambient Topologies
3GPP Ambient IoT Transmission and Reception Topologies
Network configurations where the RF energy carrier generator and the backscatter receiver reside in the same base station (monostatic) or separate nodes (bistatic).
Technical Explanation
Rel-18 defines three geometric topologies for Ambient IoT: Topology 1 (monostatic: the gNodeB transmits the carrier and receives the reflected signal); Topology 2 (bistatic: gNodeB provides the carrier while a smartphone reads the reflected tag signal); and Topology 3 (bistatic: smartphone provides the carrier while gNodeB receives the reflected signal).
Key Functions
- Monostatic: Single base station performs both illumination and backscatter reception
- Bistatic: Separates carrier transmitter (e.g. gNB) from reader receiver (e.g. smartphone)
- Optimizes link budgets and read ranges across diverse warehouse and retail layouts
- Enables smartphones to act as mobile Ambient IoT readers across retail store aisles
Specifications
3GPP TR 38.848 (Rel-18)
Interfaces
UuPC5
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