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5G • 5G-Advanced (Rel-18)

AI/ML Beam Prediction

Spatial-Temporal AI/ML Beam Tracking & Prediction

Predicts optimal future mmWave and Sub-THz narrow beams in time and frequency using recurrent neural networks, mitigating blockage without frequent CSI-RS sweeping.

Technical Explanation

High-frequency mmWave and sub-THz beams suffer from severe penetration loss and sudden blockage from obstacles and user body movements. Rel-18 AI/ML beam prediction processes historical beam measurements (SSB-RSRP and CSI-RSRP) using recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and transformers to anticipate channel degradation, predicting optimal target beams before link degradation occurs.

Key Functions

  • Forecasts future beam signal quality based on historical trajectory and RSRP trends
  • Eliminates beam sweeping overhead by proactively identifying candidate beam pairs
  • Mitigates abrupt human body and structural blockage in FR2 and FR3 bands
  • Decreases latency for beam failure recovery from tens of milliseconds to sub-frame intervals
Specifications
3GPP TR 38.843, TS 38.331 (Rel-18)
Interfaces
UuMAC CE

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